Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected lumbar pathology may be a significant factor in the context of low back pain (LBP) recurrence (M Hildebrandt et al, 2017). Investigating lumbar pathology with...
Purpose of Kernig’s sign: To determine if the patient has inflammation of the meninges (meningitis) (1). Patient position: Lying supine (conventional practice). VM Kernig originally elicited this sign...
Purpose of Brudziński’s symphyseal sign : To determine if the patient has inflammation of the meninges (meningitis) (1). Patient position: Lying supine. Examiner position: Standing beside the be...
Introduction: Mechanical diagnosis and therapy (MDT) of the cervical spine, also known as the McKenzie method, has been the focus of research in the field of musculoskeletal physical therapy in recent...
The upper two cervical segments formed by atlanto-occiptal & atlanto-axial joints are anatomically dissimilar from the functional units below. In this article, I am going to share some insights th...